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| fraser_state_of_the_field:the_history_of_masculinities [2026/01/16 18:04] – 96.241.34.91 | fraser_state_of_the_field:the_history_of_masculinities [2026/01/17 00:33] (current) – nrutkows |
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| A key focus of Frase’s work is how institutions such as the military enforce specific performances of masculinity, revealing that manhood is actively constructed and regulated. This perspective challenges the idea of masculinity as a default identity by highlighting its dependence on historical and social context. (Caitlyn Edwards) | A key focus of Frase’s work is how institutions such as the military enforce specific performances of masculinity, revealing that manhood is actively constructed and regulated. This perspective challenges the idea of masculinity as a default identity by highlighting its dependence on historical and social context. (Caitlyn Edwards) |
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| | Fraser explains the origins of the now-common term "hegemonic masculinity," which was first used by sociologist Raewyn Connell around 1995. Connell drew on Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony, meaning a "superstructure" that helped keep wealthy people in power, and applied the term to gender theory. As Connell described it, hegemonic masculinity delineates the singular and specific form of masculinity that a certain culture values above other forms. Importantly, this highly valued form of masculinity is not a fixed thing across time and place. (Noah Rutkowski) |
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| | At the end of Fraser's piece, three emerging subfields to the history of masculinities are introduced, which focus on the masculinities tied to disability, transgender people, and indigenous people. Each of these categories fall under what Fraser previously discussed as "marginalized masculinities." Fraser notes that trans men historically and continually sought to conform to the hegemonic ideal of masculinity in order to "pass" and be socially accepted, therefore challenging the common assumption that all trans people across time have acted as "rebels" who defy any and all gender norms. (Noah Rutkowski) |
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